HOW ARE PRODUCED THE PROCESSES OF PERCEPTION, DECISION AND EXECUTION, IN MOTOR ACTIONS?

HOW ARE PRODUCED THE PROCESSES OF PERCEPTION, DECISION AND EXECUTION, IN MOTOR ACTIONS?

Perception

Perception begins with the stimulation of sensory neurons.  Each sense involves highly evolved cells which are sensitive to a particular stimulus:
*Pain receptors respond to certain chemicals produced when tissues are damaged.

*Touch receptors involve cells with hairs which, when bent, cause signals to travel down the cell's axon.  Balance, movement, and even hearing involve similar hair cells. 

*Temperature sensitive neurons response to heat and cold.

*Taste and smell receptors respond to environmental molecules in the same way that other neurons respond to neurotransmitters.  And the neurons of the retina respond to the presence of light or the specific frequency ranges of light we perceive as color.

But perception is more than just passive reception of information.  Perception is an active process: 
We should also keep in mind that perception is not something done with the eyes or the ears or any specific sense organ. It is a multi-sensory, full bodied thing


*Anticipation
Perception in the broadest sense is a matter of interaction between the world and the self.  At its simplest, the world gives us events; we in turn give those events meaning by interpreting and acting upon them.
There are some obvious details here: we have sensations (input from the world, stimuli) and actions. There was a time when psychologists thought this was enough. Now we know better, and we add two more details, which are called anticipation and adaptation.
Anticipation is a little difficult to explain. We have a certain knowledge of the world, a "model" of it. This model includes everything from little details like which shoe you put on first to complex things like how you feel about yourself and your life. We use this model to anticipate - expect, predict - what will happen in the next moment or in the next ten years.


MECHANISM OF PERCEPTION

The mechanism of perception intervenes when we make a stimulus conscious to the child. Normally, it happens to visual level, but it can perceive any of the senses. The perceptive mechanism depends on several factors: The perceptive capacity of every individual. The conditions of the environment (Knapp's classification), type and level of the stimulus, type of control (Poulon's classification), of the mobilization of objects or of the initial condition of the subject - object.


MECHANISM OF DECISION

The mechanism of decision takes place after the perceptive one. There is analyzed the received information (thalamus) and there takes a decision that will travel full speed (100 mts/seg) from our brain to the muscles across the Nervous System. This decision depends on the motive intelligence of the child, (motive array). In this respect, it is very related to the perceptive mechanism, since the tasks of external regulation will be more complex than the tasks of self-regulation.


ENFORCEMENT MECHANISM 

Finally, one presents the mechanism of execution that is what one sees, is the motive gesture that is realized after the cognitive process (perception and decision), final technology, it depends on quantitative aspects as the speed, the flexibility, the resistance or the force, and on qualitative aspects as the coordination, the agility or the balance. The ignorance of this process has done that gives itself more importance to the mechanism of execution enclosedly in motive tasks in that the perception and the decision are more transcendent. In general, in the cooperative and comparative games the perceptive mechanisms and decisional are key for the final efficiency of the movement.